805–008 Searching and Referencing | 2 credit (30 hour) online audiovisual conferencing course.
Course description: Discovering and reading literature reviews, opinion papers and research articles; composing a literature review to support a position; using scholarly writing techniques and citations following APA style.
How to Improve your Scholarly Writing – Searching and Referencing for Literature Reviews and Research Articles
Asst Professor Dr Steven A Martin
Assistant Professor of Asian Studies in Sociology and Anthropology
Course lecturer's resources and examples
Previously taught courses of relevance
Featured Webinar | How to develop a systematic review
Webinar | How to conduct a systematic review | 1:20:46
TOPIC 1
How to distinguish APA and other academic formatting styles
APA Manual 7th | Source: American Psychological Association (2020)
Generally, academic writing adheres to a given style guide or 'school of style'. Common examples include APA (American Psychological Association), CMS (Chicago Manual of Style) and MLA (Modern Language Association).
- APA style guidelines: www.apastyle.apa.org
- CMS style guidelines: www.chicagomanualofstyle.org/
- MLA style guidelines: www.mla.org/style
Example: MLA Style | My 1999 freshman paper | Toponymy of Hawaii
Many publishers of books and journals suggest the Harvard Citation Style (i.e. author-date referencing) although there is actually no official guideline or institutional connection. However, the Harvard University Press does have its own code of formatting author-date citations and reference lists.
Note that publishers of international journals often have unique citation and referencing formats.
- Example: Journal of Sport & Tourism | Martin (2022) Systematic Review
- Example: Singapore Journal of Tropical Geography | Martin & Ritchie (2020) Thai Geography
While it is important to recognize a variety of formatting styles in academic writing and publishing, our course will focus on undergraduate students gaining proficiency in APA style.
TOPIC 2
How to develop an APA reference list – a brief Introduction
Note: a "reference list" is generally the "works cited" in your paper, while a "bibliography" might include a comprehensive list of literature relevant to your research or thesis.
APA reference example for a journal article | Source: American Psychological Association (2020)
Some examples of sources which require referencing
- Books
- Book chapters
- Journal articles
- Conference papers
- Conference presentations
- Websites and webpages
Worksheets for today's lesson
- Lesson and Worksheet | Making references for books, journals and websites | Word
- Lesson and Worksheet | Making references for books, journals and websites | PDF
Due to website formatting limitations, the required APA 1/2 inch hanging indent is not shown in the examples below.
APA references | Books and book chapters
Winichakul, T. (1997). Siam mapped: A history of the geo-body of a nation. Honolulu, HI: University of Hawaii Press.
Martin, S. A., & Blundell, D. (2017). Cultural continuum among the Bunun of Laipunuk (Nei Ben Lu), southern Taiwan. In H. Chang & A. Mona (Eds.), Religion, law and state: Cultural re-invigoration in the new age (pp. 215-246). Taipei, Taiwan: Shung Ye Museum of Formosan Aborigines.
APA reference entries for books | 4:26
APA references | Journals and other periodicals
Martin, S. A. (2011). Laipunuk (Nei Ben Lu)–The last frontier of the Taiwan aborigines during the Japanese occupation on Taiwan: Ethnographic narratives of a Bunun elder. The International Journal of Asia Pacific Studies (IJAPS), 7(1) 123–142.
Martin, S. A., & Ritchie, R. J. (2020). Sourcing Thai geography literature for ASEAN and international education. Singapore Journal of Tropical Geography, 41(1) 61–85.
APA reference entries for periodicals | 2:44
APA references | Conferences papers and presentations
Martin, S. A., & Assenov, I. (2012). Towards a surf resource sustainability index: A global model for surf site conservation and Thailand case study. Proceedings of the 18th Asia Pacific Tourism Association Annual Conference (APTA) Hospitality & Tourism Education: New Tourism & New Waves (pp. 745–760). Taipei, ROC, June 26–29. Busan, Korea: School of International Tourism, Dong-A University.
Martin, S. A., & Ritchie, R. (2018). Towards an ASEAN community: A scoping study and case for teaching the geography of Thailand in the English language. Proceedings of the PSU Phuket International Conference 50th Anniversary Celebration: Creativity and Innovations for Global Development (p. 54). Prince of Songkla University, Phuket, Thailand, March 11–12.
TOPIC 3
How to make APA in-text citations for sentences
APA in-text citation examples | Source: American Psychological Association (2020)
In-text references (or in-text citations) provide a source (author and year of publication) for each piece of information used in your academic writing. In-text citations are commonly placed either at the beginning or end of a sentence or paragraph to identify where information actually came from and are important in order to avoid plagiarism.
Plagiarism is the use of the published work of another person without acknowledgement and is easily avoidable by using an in-text citation to indicate who the original author/s is/are.
Worksheets for today's lesson
APA format | In-text citations, quotations, paraphrases to avoid plagiarism | 3:20
TOPIC 4
How to make an annotated bibliography
Annotated bibliography example in APA style
According to the Purdue Online Writing Lab (OWL, 2020), “Depending on the purpose of your bibliography, some annotations may summarize, some may assess or evaluate a source, and some may reflect on the source’s possible uses for the project at hand.”
Worksheets for today's lesson
APA format | Annotated bibliography and helpful advice | 6:10
TOPIC 5
How to organize research files and develop a database
Literature Review File Organization Concept
TOPIC 6
How to develop a literature review I Midterm project guidelines
Topic selection and outline
- Write a comprehensive literature review based on the topics and annotated bibliographies as developed, discussed and approved during our previous lessons.
- The literature review should follow the APA style for in-text citations and references.
The literature review consists of five parts
- A brief introduction.
- Three to five relevant subtopics of at least two paragraphs each.
- Brief discussion or conclusion highlighting key points of interest and/or knowledge gaps (if any).
- Brief suggestions for future research.
- A reference list with at least 15 sources representing journals, books, websites, etc.
Formatting
- Spacing: 1.5.
- Font: Times New Roman 12pt.
- Length: 1,500 to 2,000 words.
- Referencing: APA style (American Psychological Association)
TOPIC 7
How to use Google Scholar for searching and referencing
Assignment
- Select a topic of your choice.
- Search Google Scholar to locate 3 to 5 relevant international journal articles.
- Conduct searches for (1) the topic and (2) relevant scholars in the field.
- In APA format, make reference list in MS Word and email it to the instructor.
TOPIC 8
How to use ResearchGate for searching and referencing
Assignment
- Join ResearchGate.
- Select a topic relevant to your final paper (systematic review).
- Search ResearchGate for relevant scholars in the field.
- Contact at least two researchers about their research.
TOPIC 9
How to use YouTube for searching and referencing
Video, documentary film and scholarly presentations: the case of YouTube in searching and referencing online educational films and videos
With digital transformations in education, online films and videos bring to light more than just content, we are exposed to – and adapt to – the use of technology in teaching and learning. For example, searching and referencing videos on YouTube suggest an awareness of search strategies one might employ while identifying diverse genres of videos and experts in a given field or topic area.
In the case of searching and referencing Greece and Asia Minor videos – free and available on YouTube – the following genres come to light and are explored.
- Academic lectures and presentations
- Mainstream documentary films and series
- Diverse videos of interest
- Animated video presentations
- Travel videos and vlogs
Searching and Referencing | Greece and Asia Minor Documentary Film Page
Assignment
- Select a topic (it can be relevant to your final paper).
- Search on YouTube for related videos.
- Locate five relevant videos representing each of the genres as discussed in class, including (1) academic lectures and presentations, (2) mainstream documentary films and series, (3) diverse videos of interest, (4) animated video presentations, and (5) travel videos and vlogs.
- Make a reference for each video which includes an active URL.
How to cite a video in APA | 1:45
TOPIC 10
How to use Wikipedia for searching and referencing | Do's and Dont's
In this lesson, we explore the power of Wikipedia in research and learn how to track down appropriate and citable references to use in our work.
- Why we don't cite Wikipedia and how to use it as a resource
Lesson and worksheet forthcoming.
TOPIC 11
How to access academic journals and databases at the university
Many academic journals and databases require a subscription or fee to view or download articles. For students and researchers at PSU Phuket, our university has purchased subscriptions to a variety of journals and databases.
You may need to login on campus or through the Prince of Songkla University Phuket Campus Library in order to gain access. This will allow journals and databases to automatically verify the PSU IP address.
TOPIC 12
How to conduct a systematic review | Final project
Building a foundation for long-term success in research and writing in the social sciences
Webinar | How to conduct a systematic review | 1:20:46
Presentation slides | How to conduct a systematic review
Systematic Literature Review Infographic
Systematic review of surf tourism research | Journal of Sport and Tourism
Systematic reviews of surf tourism research
Martin, S. A., & Assenov, I. (2012). The genesis of a new body of sport tourism literature: A systematic review of surf tourism research (1997-2011). Journal of Sport and Tourism, 17(4) 257–28. https://doi.org/10.1080/14775085.2013.766528
Martin, S. A. (2022). From shades of grey to Web of Science: A systematic review of surf tourism research in international journals (2011-2020). Journal of Sport & Tourism, 26(2) 125–146. https://doi.org/10.1080/14775085.2022.2037453
Thai Geography academic literature review and research
Academic review of Thai geography literature
Martin, S. A., & Ritchie, R. J. (2020). Sourcing Thai geography literature for ASEAN and international education. Singapore Journal of Tropical Geography, 41(1) 61–85.
How to publish papers in international journals
Coordinator : Assoc. Prof. Dr. Raymond J. Ritchie
For the scholar who studies or works in a university, doing scholarly research and publishing the findings in the form of articles in peer-reviewed international journals are some of the most important academic activities. It is important to learn how to do it yourself so you can set-up your own career.
This workshop includes a number of advanced topics regarding how to publish a paper in international journals. It is very good opportunity for learning from the experience and techniques of an experienced publisher of papers. Emphasis is on practical information on how to do it, and what Dr. Ritchie has leant from experience, that is, what works and what does not.
- 1 | Introduction
- 2 | Materials and Methods
- 3a | Results | Text
- 3b | Results | Tables
- 3c | Results | Figures
- 4a | Discussion | The Light Side
- 4b | Discussion | The Dark Side
- 5 | Preparing the Abstract
- 6 | Submission of the Paper
- 7 | Dealing with Referee's Report
- 8 | How to Make a Poster
- 9 | Scientific Fraud
- 10 | Academic Humor
Forthcoming sections for teaching and learning
- How to content search PDFs and Word files
- Journalism, fake news and disinformation
- What is research and why do it
3 parts of this course
- Searching and sources
- Citation and referencing
- Annotations and literature reviews
2 required projects (midterm and final)
- Literature review
- Systematic review
Other
- How to include foreign language references
